在线式UPS高端用户多数选择进口品牌的在线式UPS电源产品，但是，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)在(zai)技(ji)术支(zhi)持和售(shou)后(hou)服(fu)务上与理(li)想中有(you)一点的(de)偏(pian)差。尤其是在(zai)技(ji)术人员无法处理(li)的(de)时(shi)候，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)给(ji)终(zhong)端用户造成损失(shi)。当然许多事情可(ke)以(yi)防范于未然，提前做好一定的(de)准(zhun)备(bei)可(ke)以(yi)把(ba)损失(shi)减少(shao)。

维护和检修前的必备工具
1、一套专(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)的(de)系(xi)统软(ruan)件和专(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)接口，现在的(de)许多(duo)(duo)在线式UPS厂商都开发(fa)有用(yong)(yong)户级别的(de)专(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)维护(hu)和检修(xiu)软(ruan)件，这(zhei)(zhei)点(dian)是国内(nei)许多(duo)(duo)用(yong)(yong)户在签定合同(tong)时往(wang)往(wang)容易忽略的(de)地方，许多(duo)(duo)问题就是通(tong)过它可以(yi)检查(cha)出来并通(tong)过这(zhei)(zhei)个来修(xiu)改的(de)，且(qie)平时还可以(yi)通(tong)过它与出厂设定值进行比对，发(fa)现问题后(hou)可及时纠正，且(qie)很能(neng)比较(jiao)直观(guan)的(de)向(xiang)厂家反(fan)映问题，能(neng)尽快得(de)到很好的(de)解(jie)决，有了这(zhei)(zhei)个工具(ju)，以(yi)免日后(hou)受(shou)到不(bu)必要(yao)的(de)损失。

2、资(zi)料：要(yao)尽(jin)可(ke)能多(duo)的(de)获(huo)取(qu)资(zi)料，操作手册，事故(gu)报(bao)警说(shuo)明，线路图，出厂测试报(bao)告(gao)，机器所有零部件清单(dan)编(bian)号，以及控制板卡内的(de)软件版本编(bian)号等，这些都有助你日(ri)后的(de)维(wei)护和备品(pin)备件的(de)选择和购买。

1、安全注意事项
用户在维护在线式UPS时，应随时记住：除非在线式UPS已完全(quan)切断了(le)同(tong)市(shi)电电源(yuan)、交流旁路电源(yuan)和(he)蓄电池组之间的(de)输入(ru)通(tong)道(dao)，以及(ji)切断同(tong)用户(hu)(hu)其它系统总线(xian)相(xiang)连的(de)输出通(tong)道(dao)，并且放掉(diao)了(le)机器内(nei)(nei)的(de)各种(zhong)高(gao)压(ya)滤波电容内(nei)(nei)储藏电能(neng)。否则，在(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS中总是存(cun)在(zai)(zai)有(you)致(zhi)命(ming)的(de)高(gao)压(ya)电源(yuan)。用户(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)对在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS内(nei)(nei)部执行任(ren)何检修操作(zuo)前(qian)，请务必仔细阅读你所选购(gou)的(de)用户(hu)(hu)手册(ce)中所描(miao)述的(de)各项安全(quan)操作(zuo)事(shi)项。

2、定期维护
在(zai)在(zai)线式(shi)UPS中，仅在(zai)用(yong)于(yu)冷却功率驱动器件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)散热风扇(shan)中存在(zai)有(you)可(ke)(ke)动的(de)(de)(de)机(ji)械部件(jian)，其余部件(jian)由固态(tai)电子元件(jian)构成，且(qie)风扇(shan)都是(shi)长寿命设计的(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)此(ci)不存在(zai)磨损(sun)的(de)(de)(de)问题。基于(yu)上述(shu)原因(yin)，除确保在(zai)线式(shi)UPS总是(shi)运行(xing)(xing)在(zai)恒温和洁(jie)净工作环境(jing)之外，还(hai)要经常记(ji)(ji)录(lu)和定期巡视(shi)，大量的(de)(de)(de)电厂、石化(hua)在(zai)线式(shi)UPS客户(hu)运行(xing)(xing)实践表(biao)明，如果用(yong)户(hu)能执(zhi)行(xing)(xing)有(you)序(xu)的(de)(de)(de)维护(hu)操(cao)作和执(zhi)行(xing)(xing)及(ji)时的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)线式(shi)UPS运行(xing)(xing)记(ji)(ji)录(lu)检查，则可(ke)(ke)确保在(zai)线式(shi)UPS时刻运行(xing)(xing)在(zai)佳状态(tai)。定期及(ji)时完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)观察运行(xing)(xing)维护(hu)记(ji)(ji)录(lu)，可(ke)(ke)及(ji)早的(de)(de)(de)发现可(ke)(ke)能导(dao)致出现严重事故的(de)(de)(de)隐患或(huo)苗头。

(1)日检
条件允许(xu)的(de)话，可(ke)安排操(cao)作(zuo)人员在(zai)执行(xing)每日例行(xing)巡检(jian)时(shi)，注意检(jian)查如(ru)下(xia)部(bu)件：现(xian)(xian)场(chang)观察在(zai)线(xian)式(shi)UPS显(xian)(xian)示控制操(cao)作(zuo)面板，确认液晶(jing)显(xian)(xian)示面板上的(de)各项图形显(xian)(xian)示单元都处于(yu)正常运行(xing)状态，所有(you)(you)电源的(de)运行(xing)参数(shu)都处于(yu)正常值范(fan)围内(nei)，在(zai)显(xian)(xian)示的(de)记录内(nei)没有(you)(you)出现(xian)(xian)任何故障和(he)报警信(xin)息。检(jian)查是否(fou)有(you)(you)明显(xian)(xian)的(de)过热痕迹。观察在(zai)线(xian)式(shi)UPS所带负(fu)载(zai)(zai)量(liang)，和(he)电池后备时(shi)间是否(fou)有(you)(you)变(bian)(bian)化，如(ru)有(you)(you)变(bian)(bian)化检(jian)查有(you)(you)无增加负(fu)载(zai)(zai)、负(fu)载(zai)(zai)现(xian)(xian)在(zai)的(de)运行(xing)情况(kuang)和(he)负(fu)载(zai)(zai)是否(fou)有(you)(you)不(bu)明故障。听(ting)听(ting)音响噪音是否(fou)有(you)(you)可(ke)疑的(de)变(bian)(bian)化，特别注意听(ting)在(zai)线(xian)式(shi)UPS的(de)输入、输出隔(ge)离变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)器的(de)响声(sheng)，当出现(xian)(xian)异常的(de)“吱吱声(sheng)”时(shi)，则可(ke)能(neng)存在(zai)接(jie)触(chu)不(bu)良(liang)或匝间绕组(zu)绝缘不(bu)良(liang)。当出现(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)低频的(de)“钹钹声(sheng)”可(ke)能(neng)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)器有(you)(you)偏磁现(xian)(xian)象。

(2)周检
在(zai)在(zai)线(xian)式UPS直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏显(xian)示(shi)控制操作(zuo)面板，执行下述的(de)(de)检测(ce)任务并将相关的(de)(de)数据记(ji)录(lu)(lu)(lu)下来：测(ce)量(liang)和记(ji)录(lu)(lu)(lu)：蓄电(dian)(dian)池组的(de)(de)浮充(chong)电(dian)(dian)压值(如(ru)果是电(dian)(dian)厂用户(hu)接220V直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)系统，可(ke)检测(ce)逆止(zhi)二极(ji)管(guan)性(xing)能是否完(wan)好。)测(ce)量(liang)和记(ji)录(lu)(lu)(lu)：蓄电(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)充(chong)电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)。测(ce)量(liang)和记(ji)录(lu)(lu)(lu)：在(zai)线(xian)式UPS的(de)(de)输(shu)入、输(shu)出电(dian)(dian)压。测(ce)量(liang)和记(ji)录(lu)(lu)(lu)：在(zai)线(xian)式UPS的(de)(de)输(shu)入、输(shu)出线(xian)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)。所(suo)有(you)测(ce)量(liang)结果，要与面板上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)参数进行比较(jiao)。如(ru)果发现(xian)在(zai)此次测(ce)量(liang)中所(suo)测(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)数值与前次所(suo)记(ji)录(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)值存在(zai)有(you)明显(xian)的(de)(de)差(cha)别时，应设法查明和记(ji)录(lu)(lu)(lu)究竟有(you)什么样的(de)(de)新增负(fu)载(zai)(负(fu)载(zai)的(de)(de)大(da)小、类型及安装(zhuang)地点)被连接到在(zai)线(xian)式UPS的(de)(de)输(shu)出端或(huo)从用户(hu)的(de)(de)负(fu)载(zai)总(zong)线(xian)上(shang)(shang)被撤掉。实践证明，对(dui)维(wei)护、维(wei)修(xiu)工程技术人员来讲(jiang)，这些信息和资料(liao)对(dui)他们日(ri)后处(chu)理问题十(shi)分有(you)用。

(3)年检
每年除对在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS进行(xing)一(yi)次彻底的(de)(de)清扫去垢之外，还应(ying)执(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)下述的(de)(de)维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)检查(cha)。由(you)于(yu)在(zai)(zai)执(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)“年检”操作时，可能会(hui)涉及到(dao)在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS机内的(de)(de)高(gao)压部(bu)件。一(yi)般(ban)来说，应(ying)由(you)能充分(fen)理解高(gao)压部(bu)件工(gong)作原理的(de)(de)、并(bing)经(jing)原厂培训(xun)过的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)师(shi)来执(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)将(jiang)负载(zai)从在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS逆变器供电(dian)通道上切(qie)(qie)换到(dao)维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)旁路(lu)供电(dian)通道上的(de)(de)重要操作。至关重要的(de)(de)是：应(ying)按下述操作步骤，将(jiang)在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS电(dian)源置于(yu)完全停机状态(tai)，还应(ying)完全切(qie)(qie)断(duan)市电(dian)电(dian)源、交(jiao)流旁路(lu)电(dian)源和(he)蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)等输(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)电(dian)源的(de)(de)供电(dian)通道。将(jiang)在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS的(de)(de)外接市电(dian)电(dian)源的(de)(de)输(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)开关切(qie)(qie)断(duan)(配有旁路(lu)稳压稳压装置的(de)(de)系统，还要切(qie)(qie)断(duan)交(jiao)流旁路(lu)的(de)(de)输(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)电(dian)源)和(he)切(qie)(qie)断(duan)蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)的(de)(de)输(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)开关。采用(yong)检查(cha)在(zai)(zai)市电(dian)输(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)接线(xian)端(duan)(duan)，电(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)输(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)接线(xian)端(duan)(duan)和(he)在(zai)(zai)线(xian)式UPS输(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)接线(xian)端(duan)(duan)是否(fou)有电(dian)。

仔(zi)细(xi)检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)在线(xian)(xian)式UPS中(zhong)各(ge)功率驱动元件和印刷电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)插件板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，应特别注意观察一下部件：电(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)电(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)：检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)漏液，“冒(mao)顶”和膨胀等现象(xiang)；变(bian)压器(qi)线(xian)(xian)圈及连接(jie)部件和扼流圈：检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)过(guo)热色变(bian)和分(fen)层脱落(luo)等现象(xiang)，并确定(ding)所有(you)电(dian)(dian)(dian)力电(dian)(dian)(dian)缆紧固连接(jie)端(duan)都(dou)被牢(lao)固的(de)(de)连接(jie)。电(dian)(dian)(dian)缆和接(jie)线(xian)(xian)端(duan)子：检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)电(dian)(dian)(dian)缆的(de)(de)外皮是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)龟裂、掉(diao)渣、擦伤和破损。检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)所有(you)位于印刷板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)上的(de)(de)插件是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)接(jie)触牢(lao)固可靠，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)间的(de)(de)排线(xian)(xian)连接(jie)有(you)无异(yi)常。检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)所有(you)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)源保险丝(si)的(de)(de)完(wan)好程度及是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)安装牢(lao)固。印刷板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)：检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)所以电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)洁净度及电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)完(wan)整性，检(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)旁路(lu)、整流和逆变(bian)的(de)(de)控制电(dian)(dian)(dian)源供应板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)原器(qi)件的(de)(de)有(you)无异(yi)常现象(xiang)。如果发(fa)现有(you)任何的(de)(de)变(bian)质或性能恶化的(de)(de)迹象(xiang)，就应更(geng)换该电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或做必要的(de)(de)维修。

如果可能把位于在(zai)线(xian)式UPS输(shu)入(ru)配电(dian)(dian)柜中的(de)(de)市(shi)电(dian)(dian)输(shu)入(ru)开关(guan)(guan)断开，将(jiang)在(zai)线(xian)式UPS置(zhi)(zhi)于带(dai)载运(yun)行(xing)状态下(xia)来检查(cha)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)的(de)(de)后备时(shi)(shi)间(jian)是否(fou)在(zai)规定范围之内(nei)。当电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)的(de)(de)端电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)下(xia)降到比电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)的(de)(de)临界关(guan)(guan)机电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)高40--50V时(shi)(shi)，立刻(ke)关(guan)(guan)闭市(shi)电(dian)(dian)输(shu)入(ru)开关(guan)(guan)(当电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)的(de)(de)端电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)下(xia)降到它所预(yu)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)低电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)过低自(zi)动关(guan)(guan)机电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)值时(shi)(shi)，在(zai)线(xian)式UPS的(de)(de)逆变器将(jiang)停止(zhi)供(gong)电(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)同(tong)时(shi)(shi)，自(zi)动的(de)(de)将(jiang)负载切(qie)换到交(jiao)流旁(pang)路电(dian)(dian)源供(gong)电(dian)(dian)通(tong)道上。这种实验用来检测电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)的(de)(de)实际后备供(gong)电(dian)(dian)时(shi)(shi)间(jian)。

(4)在线式UPS通信电源保养性维护以及蓄电池的维护
我们建议(yi)用户(hu)要(yao)定期地(di)检查所有输(shu)入、输(shu)出电(dian)(dian)(dian)力电(dian)(dian)(dian)缆及(ji)其连接端(duan)子。但在(zai)执行此类(lei)检查之前，要(yao)求将在(zai)线式(shi)UPS供电(dian)(dian)(dian)系统置于(yu)(yu)完(wan)全停电(dian)(dian)(dian)状态。要(yao)选择(ze)适当的(de)(de)时机，但一般来(lai)讲这种(zhong)完(wan)全停电(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)维(wei)(wei)护(hu)(hu)间隔(ge)时间应不超(chao)过2-3年为(wei)宜。一般来(lai)说，在(zai)在(zai)线式(shi)UPS中所用的(de)(de)蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池大(da)都是阀控式(shi)密封免维(wei)(wei)护(hu)(hu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池。因此，对电(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)维(wei)(wei)护(hu)(hu)仅局限(xian)于(yu)(yu)确保电(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)工作(zuo)环境温度被控制在(zai)20℃-25℃和处于(yu)(yu)洁净和干燥的(de)(de)工作(zuo)环境中。